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  1. Functionalism, integrity, and digital consciousness.Derek Shiller - 2024 - Synthese 203 (2):1-20.
    The prospect of consciousness in artificial systems is closely tied to the viability of functionalism about consciousness. Even if consciousness arises from the abstract functional relationships between the parts of a system, it does not follow that any digital system that implements the right functional organization would be conscious. Functionalism requires constraints on what it takes to properly implement an organization. Existing proposals for constraints on implementation relate to the integrity of the parts and states of the realizers of roles (...)
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  2. Evolution of Consciousness.Danko D. Georgiev - 2024 - Life 14 (1):48.
    The natural evolution of consciousness in different animal species mandates that conscious experiences are causally potent in order to confer any advantage in the struggle for survival. Any endeavor to construct a physical theory of consciousness based on emergence within the framework of classical physics, however, leads to causally impotent conscious experiences in direct contradiction to evolutionary theory since epiphenomenal consciousness cannot evolve through natural selection. Here, we review recent theoretical advances in describing sentience and free will as fundamental aspects (...)
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  3. The brain perceives/infers.Hans Van Eyghen - 2023 - In Robert Vinten (ed.), Wittgenstein and the Cognitive Science of Religion: Interpreting Human Nature and the Mind. London: Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 53-71.
    Talk of ‘brains deciding’, ‘brains inferring’ or ‘brains perceiving’ is common in contemporary cognitive science and neuroscience. A number of authors (most notably Peter Hacker and Maxwell Bennett) argue that such talk commits a category mistake; deciding, making inferences or perceiving are abilities properly ascribed to humans and not to human subsystems or subparts. Here I will argue that ascribing such properties to human brains or cognitive systems within the brain is proper. I will argue that ‘inferring’ or ‘perceiving’ are (...)
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  4. The perceptual reality monitoring theory.Matthias Michel - forthcoming - In Michael Herzog, Aaron Schurger & Adrien Doerig (eds.), Scientific Theories of Consciousness: The Grand Tour. Cambridge University Press.
    This chapter presents the perceptual reality monitoring theory of consciousness (PRM). PRM is a higher-order theory of consciousness. It holds that consciousness involves monitoring the reliability of one’s own sensory signals. I explain how a perceptual reality monitoring mechanism computes the higher order representations that are crucial for consciousness. While PRM accounts for the difference between conscious and unconscious states, it does not explain, on its own, why experiences feel the way they do—the phenomenal character of experience. PRM is compatible (...)
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  5. On Being a Lonely Brain-in-a-Vat: Structuralism, Solipsism, and the Threat from External World Skepticism.Grace Helton - forthcoming - Analytic Philosophy.
    David Chalmers has recently developed a novel strategy of refuting external world skepticism, one he dubs the structuralist solution. In this paper, I make three primary claims: First, structuralism does not vindicate knowledge of other minds, even if it is combined with a functionalist approach to the metaphysics of minds. Second, because structuralism does not vindicate knowledge of other minds, the structuralist solution vindicates far less worldly knowledge than we would hope for from a solution to skepticism. Third, these results (...)
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  6. The multiple-computations theorem and the physics of singling out a computation.Orly Shenker & Meir Hemmo - 2022 - The Monist 105 (1):175-193.
    The problem of multiple-computations discovered by Hilary Putnam presents a deep difficulty for functionalism (of all sorts, computational and causal). We describe in out- line why Putnam’s result, and likewise the more restricted result we call the Multiple- Computations Theorem, are in fact theorems of statistical mechanics. We show why the mere interaction of a computing system with its environment cannot single out a computation as the preferred one amongst the many computations implemented by the system. We explain why nonreductive (...)
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  7. Consciousness, Origins.Gregory Nixon - 2016 - In Harold L. Miller Jr (ed.), The SAGE Encyclopedia of Theory in Psychology. Thousand Oaks, CA, USA: Sage Publications. pp. 172-176.
    To explain the origin of anything, we must be clear about that which we are explaining. There seem to be two main meanings for the term consciousness. One might be called open in that it equates consciousness with awareness and experience and considers rudimentary sensations to have evolved at a specific point in the evolution of increasing complexity. But certainly the foundation for such sensation is a physical body. It is unclear, however, exactly what the physical requirements are for a (...)
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  8. A Difference That Makes a Difference: Passing through Dennett's Stalinesque/orwellian Impasse.Steven J. Todd - 2009 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 60 (3):497-520.
    Dennett and Kinsbourne ([1992]) argue that metacontrast backward visual masking provides a clear illustration that ‘there is really only a verbal difference’ between two versions of the Cartesian Theater model of the mind. This alleged lack of a distinction is both the crucial premise of their main argument against the Cartesian Theater and a motivator for accepting their own Multiple Drafts model. I argue that metacontrast reveals a difference between the two versions of the Cartesian Theater that meets criteria found (...)
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  9. A wake up call—or more sweet slumber? A review of Daniel Dennett's sweet dreams: Philosophical obstacles to a science of consciousness: Beenfeldt a wake up call—or more sweet slumber?Christian Beenfeldt - 2008 - Think 7 (19):85-92.
    Beenfeldt assesses Dennett's approach to the philosophical problem of consciousness.
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  10. The Virtues of Virtual Machines.Shannon Densmore & Daniel Dennett - 1999 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 59 (3):747-761.
    Paul Churchland's book (hereafter ER)is an entertaining and instructive advertisement for a "neurocomputational" vision of how the brain (and mind) works. While we agree with its general thrust, and commend its lucid pedagogy on a host of difficult topics, we note that such pedagogy often exploits artificially heightened contrast, and sometimes the result is a misleading caricature instead of a helpful simplification. In particular, Churchland is eager to contrast the explanation of consciousness that can be accomplished by his "aspiring new (...)
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  11. Kinds of Minds. [REVIEW]Nicholas Humphrey - 1997 - Journal of Philosophy 94 (2):97-103.
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  12. Evolvability, plausibility, and possibility. [REVIEW]A. C. Love - 2006 - BioScience 56:772–774.
    Judgments of plausibility involve appearance of the truth or reasonableness, which is always a function of background knowledge. What anyone will countenance is conditioned by what they already know (or think they know). Marc Kirschner (professor of systems biology at Harvard) and John Gerhart (professor of molecular and cell biology at the University of California—Berkeley) aim to show that molecular, cellular, and developmental processes relevant to the generation of phenotypic variation in anatomy, physiology, and behavior demonstrate how evolutionary processes, especially (...)
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  13. Consciousness Explained.William G. Lycan - 1993 - Philosophical Review 102 (3):424.
  14. Świadomość jako zindywidualizowana informacja w działaniu : uniwersalna charakterystyka.Jakub Jonkisz - 2016 - Filozofia Nauki 24 (2).
    The aim of the article is to formulate a universal characterization of consciousness, despite the conceptual vagueness of that term. The fundamental aspects of this phenomenon as studied by science consist of four features: its being accessible from the inside and the outside (subjectively and objectively), its being about something (referential), its being bodily determined, and its possessing a certain function (being useful). Approached in this way and in broad terms, consciousness seems to be a graded rather than all-or-none phenomenon. (...)
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  15. The Pregnant Self.Rosilee Sherwood - unknown
    Pregnancy, a human phenomenon experienced throughout the world and throughout history, has been largely ignored by the philosophical community. A preference for the abnormal and the extraordinary has left this common yet challenging process on the sidelines of philosophical discussion. Pregnancy stands as a significant challenge to many of our intuitions about the self, particularly those concerning the boundaries, plurality and diachronic identity of the self. Because of this, pregnancy necessitates a theory of the self which does not merely uphold (...)
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  16. Wittgenstein’s Certainty is Uncertain: Brain Scans of Cured Hydrocephalics Challenge Cherished Assumptions.Donald R. Forsdyke - 2015 - Biological Theory 10 (4):336-342.
    The philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein chose as his prime exemplar of certainty the fact that the skulls of normal people are filled with neural tissue, not sawdust. In 1980 the British pediatrician John Lorber reported that some normal adults, apparently cured of childhood hydrocephaly, had no more than 5 % of the volume of normal brain tissue. While initially disbelieved, Lorber’s observations have since been independently confirmed by clinicians in France and Brazil. Thus Wittgenstein’s certainty has become uncertain. Furthermore, the paradox (...)
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  17. Dennett on the Knowledge Argument.H. Robinson - 1993 - Analysis 53 (3):174-177.
  18. 20. Three Senses of Selfless Consciousness: Nietzsche and Dennett on Mind, Language and Body.Sofia Miguens - 2015 - In João Constâncio (ed.), Nietzsche and the Problem of Subjectivity. De Gruyter. pp. 511-530.
  19. Dennett and His Critics.Bo Dahlbom (ed.) - 1993 - Cambridge, Mass., USA: Wiley-Blackwell.
    This volume includes a critical assessment of Dennett's views on behaviorism and the subjectivity of consciousness, the nature of perception and mental representation.
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  20. Content and Consciousness.Daniel C. Dennett - 1969 - New York: Routledge.
    _Content and Consciousness_ is an original and ground-breaking attempt to elucidate a problem integral to the history of Western philosophical thought: the relationship of the mind and body. In this formative work, Dennett sought to develop a theory of the human mind and consciousness based on new and challenging advances in the field that came to be known as cognitive science. This important and illuminating work is widely-regarded as the book from which all of Dennett’s future ideas developed. It is (...)
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  21. Content and Consciousness.Daniel C. Dennett - 1969 - New York: Routledge.
    _Content and Consciousness_ is an original and ground-breaking attempt to elucidate a problem integral to the history of Western philosophical thought: the relationship of the mind and body. In this formative work, Dennett sought to develop a theory of the human mind and consciousness based on new and challenging advances in the field that came to be known as cognitive science. This important and illuminating work is widely-regarded as the book from which all of Dennett’s future ideas developed. It is (...)
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  22. Metaphor to mechanism; natural to disciplined.F. Valera - 1997 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 4 (4):344-346.
    Baars presents a clear and productive approach to consciousness as a scientific issue. My commentary is motivated by this positive assessment in order to underline what I see as important limitations in the sketch we are presented with, and which are close to my own research interests. I will concentrate only on two fundamental questions here: the still misleading nature of the theatre metaphor for consciousness in spite of Baars’ radically new interpretation; the still unexamined naivite in regards to question (...)
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  23. Working Definitions of "Non-Conscious":Commentary on Baars on Contrastive Analysis.Greg Davis - 1994 - PSYCHE: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Research On Consciousness 1.
    Baars contends that we must ask answerable questions about consciousness, and that to do so will require definitions of consciousness that permit "contrastive analysis". I endorse this general approach, but find several of Baars claims of processing without consciousness, unconvincing. I show that a more cautious definition of "non-conscious" than Baars' need not impede experimentation and is more likely to enjoy universal agreement.
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  24. Baars Falls Prey to the Timidity He Rejects:Commentary on Baars on Contrastive Analysis.Selmer Bringsjord - 1994 - PSYCHE: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Research On Consciousness 1.
    Baars affirms Crick and Koch's position that the timidity most cognitive scientists show in the face of consciousness is ridiculous. Unfortunately, all three succumb to a variation on the timidity they deprecate. Furthermore, Baars' own method, ``contrastic analysis,'' is at odds with the computational conception of mind that dominates contemporary cognitive science.
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  25. Stage Effects in the Cartesian Theater: A review of Daniel Dennett's Consciousness Explained. [REVIEW]Kevin Korb - 1994 - PSYCHE: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Research On Consciousness 1.
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  26. Consciousness Requires Global Activation:Commentary on Baars on Contrastive Analysis.James Newman - 1994 - PSYCHE: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Research On Consciousness 1.
    Baars' contrastive analysis approach offers an essential framework for differentiating conscious processing from the myriad unconscious functions carried out by the mind/brain. In applying this approach it is important to understand that consciousness is not something other than, but something in addition to the unconscious processes that precede and follow the momentary focus of awareness. We have argued elsewhere that neurologically this something is activation via a global attentional matrix which both: 1) controls access to consciousness by competing unconscious processors; (...)
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  27. DENNETT, D. C. C. - "Content and Consciousness". [REVIEW]J. J. C. Smart - 1970 - Mind 79:616.
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  28. DENNETT, D. C.: Content and Consciousness.R. L. Franklin - 1970 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 48:264.
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  29. Consciousness, Dreams, and Inference: The Cartesian Theatre Revisited.J. Allan Hobson & Karl J. Friston - 2014 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 21 (1-2):6-32.
    This paper considers the Cartesian theatre as a metaphor for the virtual reality models that the brain uses to make inferences about the world. This treatment derives from our attempts to understand dreaming and waking consciousness in terms of free energy minimization. The idea here is that the Cartesian theatre is not observed by an internal audience but furnishes a theatre in which fictive narratives and fantasies can be rehearsed and tested against sensory evidence. We suppose the brain is driven (...)
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  30. Sweet Dreams: Philosophical Obstacles to a Science of Consciousness. [REVIEW]Leslie Marsh - 2005 - Journal of Mind and Behavior 26 (3):207-214.
    The question of how a physical system gives rise to the phenomenal or experiential , is considered the most intractable of scientific and philosophical puzzles. Though this question has dominated the philosophy of mind over the last quarter century, it articulates a version of the age-old mind–body problem. The most famous response, Cartesian dualism, is on Daniel Dennett’s view still a corrosively residual and redundant feature of popular thinking on these matters. Fifteen years on from his anti-Cartesian theory of consciousness (...)
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  31. Consciousness Explained by Daniel C. Dennett. [REVIEW]Ned Block - 1993 - Journal of Philosophy 90 (4):181-193.
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  32. Poetry and the Multiple Drafts Model: The Functional Similarity of Cole Swensen's Verse and Human Consciousness.Connor Ryan Kreimeyer Fisher - unknown
    This project compares the operational methods of three of Cole Swensen's books of poetry with ways in which the human mind and consciousness function. I use Daniel Dennett's Multiple Drafts Model of consciousness, as described in Consciousness Explained, alongside concepts presented in several other philosophical works , to demonstrate that significant similarities exist between the operations of poetry and consciousness in general, and that these operational similarities are especially noticeable in Swensen's work. This thesis examines several operational modes that are (...)
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  33. Res-qualia: Could consciousness evolve?Raquel Paricio Garcia - 2007 - Technoetic Arts 5 (1):35-44.
    The article is an approach to the possibilities of the evolution of consciousness. The research will be presented from the point of view of the Art and Mystic experiences and also compared with the biological point of view.The differences between the perception space and the representation space will be described, since it is considered that the later represents the location where the conscience processes take place. An example in the contemporary architecture on the representation space (the Jean Nouvel's Agbar Tower) (...)
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  34. Metaphor, History, Consciousness: From Locke to Dennett.Lynn Holt - 1999 - Philosophical Forum 30 (3):187-200.
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  35. The imagined consciousness-The eliminativism of Daniel Dennett.S. Leyens - 2000 - Revue Philosophique De Louvain 98 (4):761-782.
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  36. Don Ross, Andrew Brook and David Thompson, eds., Dennett's Philosophy. A Comprehensive Assessment Reviewed by.Jordi Fernandez - 2001 - Philosophy in Review 21 (3):208-210.
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  37. Commentary on Bernard Baars'in the theatre of consciousness'.A. Combs - 1997 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 4 (4):314.
    ernard Baars’ metaphor of the theatre of consciousness has the ability to powerfully evoke and illustrate in a single image many of the functions of the mind and the brain, both conscious and unconscious. The simplicity and sheer appeal of the image of the stage, with conscious events acted out upon it by players moving under the spotlight of attention, makes it easy to visualize, to remember, and to think about. Thus, it is richly evocative, inviting further speculation as to (...)
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  38. Global workspace or pandemonium?Teed Rockwell - 1997 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 4 (4):334-337.
    Surprisingly, Dennett and Baars have no real quarrel with each other, despite the fact that Dennett wants to escape from the Theatre of Consciousness and Baars is happy to stay there. Both believe that consciousness has structures that can be analysed, and is not just ‘the mysterious glow that no one but me can see’ described by Chalmers and Searle. Both acknowledge that their theories of consciousness are only metaphors, and there is no conflict in saying that Consciousness is both (...)
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  39. The unfinished theatre.J. W. Dalton - 1997 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 4 (4):316.
    Can we understand conscious experience? It can seem that the answer is ‘no’. Even when we have well-supported cognitive accounts of consciousness, such as global workspace theory, experience itself seems to elude our grasp. It is easy to see how a global workspace might be a useful adaptation, much harder to see what role is played by conscious experience. For instance, if I'm looking for a blue notebook, why do I need to experience colours? Why wouldn't it suffice to have (...)
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  40. Commentary on Bernard Baars'In the theatre of consciousness'.B. J. Hiley - 1997 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 4 (4):329-331.
    One of the central puzzles for Baars is the contrast between the small window of consciousness of which we all have direct experience and the massive collection of specialized neural nets, all working in parallel in the depths of our brain. Why is this window so small? Can we use the metaphor of a theatre, in which we regard consciousness as merely acting like a spotlight moving over an already existing structure of thoughts, memories and experiences, or does it involve (...)
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  41. In the theatre of working memory of the brain.N. Osaka - 1997 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 4 (4):332-334.
    The target article by Bernard Baars presents a quick way of grasping the gist of his book In the Theater of Consciousness: The Workspace of the Mind, published recently . The metaphor of consciousness as a theatre has a long history. A prototype of the theatre model may be traced back to Plato's Allegory of the Cave, in which we are like prisoners living in a cave just observing the shadows of reality. The modern theatre model insists on consciousness being (...)
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  42. On Chalmers' principle of organizational invariance and hisdancing qualia'andfading qualia'thought experiments.William M. Greenberg - 1998 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 5 (1):53-58.
    David Chalmers has proposed several principles in his attack on the ‘hard problem’ of consciousness. One of these is the principle of organizational invariance , which he asserts is significantly supported by two thought experiments involving human brains and their functional silicon-based isomorphs. I claim that while the principle is an intelligible hypothesis and could possibly be true, his thought experiments fail to provide support for it.
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  43. John Symons, On Dennett Reviewed by.Dan O'Brien - 2003 - Philosophy in Review 23 (4):289-291.
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  44. Leopold Stubenberg, Consciousness and Qualia. [REVIEW]Josh Weisberg - 1999 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 6 (4):154-154.
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  45. Daniel C. Dennett, Sweet Dreams: Philosophical Obstacles to a Science of Consciousness Reviewed by.David Ohreen - 2005 - Philosophy in Review 25 (4):254-256.
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  46. Applying continuous modelling to consciousness.Kathleen Taylor - 2001 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 8 (2):45-60.
    Much of neuroscience is currently dominated by an information processing metaphor which is largely conceptualized in discrete terms. An alternative metaphor conceptualizes information flow as continuous. A qualitative set of hypotheses based on this metaphor, the energy model, is described here. This model considers information transfer in terms of the flow of an abstract variable, energy, between points in a field comprising the extent of the nervous system. Although extremely simple, it generates some intriguing consequences. In particular, it provides a (...)
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  47. A commentary on'The double life of BF Skinner'by BJ Baars.J. S. Vargas - 2003 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 10 (1):68-73.
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  48. Straw paradoxes-A commentary on Bernard J. Baars''double life of BF Skinner'.R. Epstein - 2003 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 10 (1):43-46.
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  49. On Baars' psychologization of Skinnerism.T. R. Machan - 2003 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 10 (1):54-58.
  50. A commentary on'The double life of BF Skinner'by BJ Baars-Commentary.D. Watt - 2003 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 10 (1):74-78.
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