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8.3f. Consciousness and Emotion

See also:
Adolphs, Ralph (2004). Could a robot have emotions? Theoretical perspectives from social cognitive neuroscience. In J. Fellous (ed.), Who Needs Emotions. Oxford University Press.   (Cited by 3 | Google | Edit)
Alexandrov, Yuri I. & Sams, Mikko E. (2005). Emotion and consciousness: Ends of a continuum. Cognitive Brain Research 25 (2):387-405.   (Cited by 3 | Google | More links | Edit)
Anders, Silke; Birbaumer, Niels; Sadowski, Bettina; Erb, Michael; Mader, Irina; Grodd, Wolfgang & Lotze, Martin (2004). Parietal somatosensory association cortex mediates affective blindsight. Nature Neuroscience 7 (4):339-340.   (Cited by 5 | Google | More links | Edit)
Baars, Bernard J. (2000). Conscious emotional feelings--beyond the four taboos: An introductory comment. Consciousness and Emotion 1 (1):11-14.   (Cited by 1 | Google | More links | Edit)
Balconi, Michela & Lucchiari, Claudio (2007). Consciousness and emotional facial expression recognition: Subliminal/supraliminal stimulation effect on n200 and p300 ERPs. Journal of Psychophysiology 21 (2):100-108.   (Google | Edit)
Balconi, Michela & Lucchiari, Claudio (2005). Consciousness, emotion and face: An event-related potentials (ERP) study. In Ralph D. Ellis & Natika Newton (eds.), Consciousness & Emotion: Agency, Conscious Choice, and Selective Perception. John Benjamins.   (Cited by 2 | Google | Edit)
Balconi, Michela (2006). Exploring consciousness in emotional face decoding: An event-related potential analysis. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs 132 (2):129-150.   (Google | Edit)
Baldwin, Mark W. & Baccus, Jodene R. (2004). Maintaining a focus on the social goals underlying self-conscious emotions. Psychological Inquiry 15 (2):139-144.   (Google | Edit)
Barbalet, Jack (2004). Consciousness, emotions and science. In Jonathan H. Turner (ed.), Advances in Group Processes, Vol 21: Theory and Research on Human Emotions. Elsevier Science.   (Cited by 4 | Google | Edit)
Barrett, Lisa Feldman; Niedenthal, Paula M. & Winkielman, Piotr (2005). Emotion and Consciousness. Guilford Press.   (Cited by 3 | Google | More links | Edit)
Barrett, Lisa Feldman (2005). Feeling is perceiving: Core affect and conceptualization in the experience of emotion. In Lisa Feldman Barrett, Paula M. Niedenthal & Piotr Winkielman (eds.), Emotion and Consciousness.   (Cited by 4 | Google | Edit)
Barrett, Lisa Feldman; Ochsner, Kevin N. & Gross, James J. (2007). On the automaticity of emotion. In John A. Bargh (ed.), Social Psychology and the Unconscious: The Automaticity of Higher Mental Processes. Frontiers of Social Psychology. Psychology Press.   (Google | Edit)
Beauregard, Mario; Levesque, J. & Paquette, V. (2004). Neural Basis of Conscious and Voluntary Self-Regulation of Emotion. Consciousness, Emotional Self-Regulation and the Brain. John Benjamins.   (Google | Edit)
Beauregard, Mario; Lévesque, Johanne & Paquette, Vincent (2004). Neural basis of conscious and voluntary self-regulation of emotion. In Mario Beauregard (ed.), Consciousness, Emotional Self-Regulation and the Brain. Advances in Consciousness Research. John Benjamins.   (Cited by 5 | Google | Edit)
Beauregard, Mario; Lévesque, Johanne & Bourgouin, Pierre (2001). Neural correlates of conscious self-regulation of emotion. Journal of Neuroscience 21 (18):6993-7000.   (Cited by 192 | Google | More links | Edit)
Bechara, Antoine & Naqvi, Nasir (2004). Listening to your heart: Interoceptive awareness as a gateway to feeling. Nature Neuroscience 7 (2):102-103.   (Cited by 11 | Google | Edit)
Beer, Jennifer S. & Keltner, Dacher (2004). What is unique about self-conscious emotions? Psychological Inquiry 15 (2):126-128.   (Cited by 1 | Google | More links | Edit)
Berridge, Kent C. & Winkielman, Piotr (2003). What is an unconscious emotion? (The case for unconscious "liking"). Cognition and Emotion 17 (2):181-211.   (Cited by 52 | Google | More links | Edit)
Brownell, Philip (2004). Perceiving you perceiving me: Self-conscious emotions and gestalt therapy. Gestalt! 8 (1).   (Google | Edit)
Charland, Louis C. (2005). Emotion Experience and the Indeterminacy of Valence. In Lisa Feldman Barrett, Paula M. Niedenthal & Piotr Winkielman (eds.), Emotion and Consciousness. Guilford Press.   (Google | Edit)
Chiappelli, F.; Prolo, P.; Cajulis, E.; Harper, S.; Sunga, E. & Concepcion, E. (2004). Consciousness, Emotional Self-Regulation, and the Psychosomatic Network: Relevance to Oral Biology and Medicine. Consciousness, Emotional Self-Regulation and the Brain. John Benjamins.   (Google | Edit)
Ciompi, Luc (2003). Reflections on the role of emotions in consciousness and subjectivity, from the perspective of affect-logic. Consciousness and Emotion 4 (2):181-196.   (Google | More links | Edit)
Abstract: The phenomena of human consciousness and subjectivity are explored from the perspective of affect-logic, a comprehensive meta-theory of the interactions between emotion and cognition based mainly on cognitive and social psychology, psychopathology, neurobiology Piaget?s genetic epistemology, psychoanalysis, and evolutionary science. According to this theory, overt or covert affective-cognitive interactions are obligatorily present in all mental activity, seemingly ?neutral? thinking included. Emotions continually exert numerous so-called operator-effects, both linear and nonlinear, on attention, on memory and on comprehensive thought, or logic in a broad sense. They deeply ?affect? also consciousness and subjectivity, as showed by the analysis of four crucially involved phenomena, namely (1) attention, (2) abstraction, (3) language, and (4) the prevailing affective state. The conclusion is that neither consciousness nor subjectiovity can be adequately understood without fully considering their emotional aspects
Cioffi, D. (1991). Sensory awareness versus sensory impression: Affect and attention interact to produce somatic meaning. Cognition and Emotion 5:275-94.   (Cited by 8 | Google | Edit)
Clore, Gerald L.; Storbeck, Justin; Robinson, Michael D. & Centerbar, David B. (2005). Seven sins in the study of unconscious affect. In Lisa Feldman Barrett, Paula M. Niedenthal & Piotr Winkielman (eds.), Emotion and Consciousness. Guilford Press.   (Cited by 1 | Google | Edit)
Cogan, John (2003). Emotion and the growth of consciousness: Gaining insight through a phenomenology of rage. Consciousness and Emotion 4 (2):207-241.   (Google | More links | Edit)
Abstract: Some attempts to understand emotion have failed to account for important features of our emotional experience ? notably, the experience of gaining insight when we express our emotions. In this essay I will hold that if we properly understand emotions, then we see that the expression of emotion contributes to the growth of consciousness by providing a process wherein consciousness can recognize and reclaim its inherent wholeness, and thereby overcome fragmentation. Hence, in this essay I will strive to: (1) demonstrate that we do get insight when we express our emotions, (2) offer a suggestion as to why this feature is often overlooked, (3) propose a model for understanding the emotions that helps to explain this holistic feature of emotion, and (4) show how this insight into the nature of emotion contributes to our understanding of the growth of consciousness
Cook, N. D. (2002). Tone of Voice and Mind: The Connections Between Intonation, Emotion, Cognition and Consciousness. John Benjamins.   (Cited by 57 | Google | More links | Edit)
Critchley, Hugo D.; Wiens, Stefan; Rotshtein, Pia; Öhman, Arne & Dolan, Raymond J. (2004). Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness. Nature Neuroscience 7 (2):189-195.   (Cited by 145 | Google | More links | Edit)
Dalton, Thomas C. (2000). The developmental roots of consciousness and emotional experience. Consciousness and Emotion 1 (1):55-89.   (Cited by 3 | Google | More links | Edit)
Abstract: Charles Darwin is generally credited with having formulated the first systematic attempt to explain the evolutionary origins and function of the expression of emotions in animals and humans. His ingenious theory, however, was burdened with popular misconceptions about human phylogenetic heritage and bore the philosophical and theoretical deficiencies of the brain science of his era that his successors strove to overcome. In their attempts to rectify Darwin?s errors, William James, James Mark Baldwin and John Dewey each made important contributions to a theory of emotion, which attempted to put it on a more secure philosophical and scientific footing. My contention is that Dewey and his collaborator, infant experimentalist Myrtle McGraw, succeeded where their contemporaries failed. They pointed the way out of the morass of recapitulationism, and showed how a developmental theory of consciousness, mind and emotion could be formulated that avoided the epistemological and ontological pitfalls of Darwin?s theory. Drawing on an extensive body of research from contemporary experimental studies of infant development, this essay attempts to put the questions raised by these historical figures about the structure, function and value of emotions in a theoretical framework. A developmental theory is proposed about the complex, interacting neurobiological and neurobehavioral factors that contribute to human emotional development. This theory identifies the possible relationships among emotions, consciousness and mind and how their co-development influences the capacity of young children to form moral judgments
Dalgleish, Tim & Power, Michael J. (2004). The I of the storm: Relations between self and conscious emotion experience: Comment on lambie and Marcel (2002). Psychological Review 111 (3):812-819.   (Cited by 4 | Google | Edit)
Damasio, Antonio R. (1999). The Feeling of What Happens: Body and Emotion in the Making of Consciousness. Harcourt Brace.   (Cited by 2364 | Google | Edit)
de Gelder, Beatrice; Vroomen, Jean; Pourtois, Gilles & Weiskrantz, Lawrence (2000). Affective blindsight: Are we blindly led by emotions? Response to Heywood and Kentridge (2000). Trends in Cognitive Sciences 4 (4):126-127.   (Google | More links | Edit)
de Gelder, Beatrice (2005). Nonconscious emotions: New findings and perspectives on nonconscious facial expression recognition and its voice and whole-body contexts. In Lisa Feldman Barrett, Paula M. Niedenthal & Piotr Winkielman (eds.), Emotion and Consciousness. Guilford Press.   (Google | Edit)
de Gelder, Beatrice & Hadjikhani, Nouchine (2006). Non-conscious recognition of emotional body language. Neuroreport 17 (6):583-586.   (Cited by 2 | Google | More links | Edit)
DeLancey, Craig (1996). Emotion and the function of consciousness. Journal of Consciousness Studies 3 (5-6):492-99.   (Cited by 7 | Google | Edit)
Derryberry, Douglas (2001). Emotion and conscious experience: Perceptual and attentional influences of anxiety. In Peter G. Grossenbacher (ed.), Finding Consciousness in the Brain: A Neurocognitive Approach. Advances in Consciousness Research. John Benjamins.   (Google | Edit)
de Sousa, Ronald B. (2002). Fringe consciousness and the multifariousness of emotions. Psyche 8 (14):i.   (Google | Edit)
Dimberg, U.; Thunberg, M. & Elmehed, K. (2000). Unconscious facial reactions to emotional facial expressions. Psychological Science 11 (1):86-89.   (Cited by 174 | Google | Edit)
Eastwood, John D. & Smilek, Daniel (2005). Functional consequences of perceiving facial expressions of emotion without awareness. Consciousness and Cognition 14 (3):565-584.   (Google | More links | Edit)
Ellis, Ralph D. & Newton, Natika (2005). Consciousness and Emotion: Agency, Conscious Choice, and Selective Perception. John Benjamins.   (Cited by 1 | Google | Edit)
Ellis, Ralph D. (1995). Questioning Consciousness: The Interplay of Imagery, Cognition, and Emotion in the Human Brain. John Benjamins.   (Cited by 92 | Google | More links | Edit)
Ellis, Ralph D. (ed.) (2000). The Caldron of Consciousness: Motivation, Affect and Self-Organization. John Benjamins.   (Cited by 11 | Google | More links | Edit)
Ellis, Ralph D. & Newton, Natika (2000). The interdependence of consciousness and emotion. Consciousness and Emotion 1 (1):1-10.   (Google | Edit)
Faw, Bill (2000). Consciousness, motivation, and emotion: Biopsychological reflections. In Ralph D. Ellis & Natika Newton (eds.), The Caldron of Consciousness: Motivation, Affect and Self-Organization- An Anthology. Advances in Consciousness Research. John Benjamins.   (Cited by 11 | Google | Edit)
Forgas, Joseph P. & Ciarrochi, J. (2000). Affect infusion and affect control: The interactive role of conscious and unconscious processing strategies in mood management. In Yves Rossetti & Antti Revonsuo (eds.), Beyond Dissociation: Interaction Between Dissociated Implicit and Explicit Processing. John Benjamins.   (Google | Edit)
Fox, Elaine (2002). Processing emotional facial expressions: The role of anxiety and awareness. Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience 2 (1):52-63.   (Google | Edit)
Gaillard, Raphaël; Del Cul, Antoine; Naccache, Lionel; Vinckier, Fabien; Cohen, Laurent; Dehaene, Stanislas & Smith, Edward E. (2006). Nonconscious semantic processing of emotional words modulates conscious access. PNAS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103 (19):7524-7529.   (Cited by 2 | Google | More links | Edit)
Gray, Jeffrey A. (1999). Cognition, emotion, conscious experience and the brain. In Tim Dalgleish & M. J. Powers (eds.), Handbook of Cognition and Emotion. Wiley.   (Cited by 7 | Google | Edit)
Heerey, Erin A.; Keltner, Dacher & Capps, Lisa M. (2003). Making sense of self-conscious emotion: Linking theory of mind and emotion in children with autism. Emotion 3 (4):394-400.   (Cited by 7 | Google | More links | Edit)
Heilman, K. M. (2000). Emotional experience: A neurological model. In Richard D. R. Lane, L. Nadel, G. L. Ahern, J. Allen & Alfred W. Kaszniak (eds.), Cognitive Neuroscience of Emotion. Oxford University Press.   (Cited by 18 | Google | Edit)
Herba, Catherine M.; Heining, Maike; Young, Andrew W.; Browning, Michael; Benson, Philip J.; Phillips, Mary L. & Gray, Jeffrey A. (2007). Conscious and nonconscious discrimination of facial expressions. Visual Cognition 15 (1):36-47.   (Google | More links | Edit)
Heywood, Charles A. & Kentridge, Robert W. (2000). Affective blindsight? Trends in Cognitive Sciences 4 (4):125-126.   (Cited by 5 | Google | More links | Edit)
Öhman, Arne; Flykt, Anders & Lundqvist, Daniel (2000). Unconscious emotion: Evolutionary perspectives, psychophysiological data and neuropsychological mechanisms. In Richard D. R. Lane, L. Nadel & G. L. Ahern (eds.), Cognitive Neuroscience of Emotion. Series in Affective Science. Oxford University Press.   (Google | Edit)
Honvank, Jack & Haaden, Edward H. F. (2001). Conscious and unconscious processing of emotional faces. In Beatrice De Gelder, Edward H. F. De Haan & Charles A. Heywood (eds.), Out of Mind: Varieties of Unconscious Processes. Oxford University Press.   (Google | Edit)
Hunt, Caroline; Keogh, Edmund & French, Christopher C. (2006). Anxiety sensitivity: The role of conscious awareness and selective attentional bias to physical threat. Emotion 6 (3):418-428.   (Google | Edit)
Izard, Carroll (2007). Levels of emotion and levels of consciousness. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30 (1):96-98.   (Google | More links | Edit)
Abstract: Merker makes a strong case for the upper brain stem as being the neural home of primary or phenomenal consciousness. Though less emphasized, he makes an equally strong and empirically supported argument for the critical role of the mesodiencephalon in basic emotion processes. His evidence and argument on the functions of brainstem systems in primary consciousness and basic emotion processes present a strong challenge to prevailing assumptions about the primacy of cognition in emotion-cognition-behavior relations. (Published Online May 1 2007)
Jarvilehto, Timo (2000). Feeling as knowing--part I: Emotion as reorganization of the organism-environment system. Consciousness and Emotion 1 (2):245-257.   (Google | More links | Edit)
Abstract: The theoretical approach described in a series of articles (Jarvilehto, 1998a,b,c, 1999, 2000) is developed further in relation to the problems of emotion, consciousness, and brain activity. The approach starts with the claim that many conceptual confusions in psychology are due to the postulate that the organism and the environment are two interacting systems (”Two systems theory”). The gist of the approach is the idea that the organism and environment form a unitary system which is the basis of subjective experience. This starting point leads to the conception of emotions as reorganization of the organism-environment system, and entails that emotion and knowledge are only different aspects of the same process. In the first part of the article the general outline of the approach is sketched, and in a subsequent second part (Jarvilehto, 2001) the relations between emotions, consciousness, and brain activity will be discussed in detail
Järvilehto, Timo (2001). Feeling as knowing--part II: Emotion, consciousness and brain activity. Consciousness and Emotion. Special Issue 2 (1):75-102.   (Google | Edit)
Abstract: In the latter part of this two-article sequence, the concept of emotion as reorganization of the organism-environment system is developed further in relation to consciousness, subjective experience and brain activity. It is argued that conscious emotions have their origin in reorganizational changes in primitive co-operative organizations, in which they get a more local character with the advent of personal consciousness and individuality, being expressed in conscious emotions. However, the conscious emotion is not confined to the individual only, but it gets its content and the emotional quale in the social context, and in relation to the norms of the given culture. Emotion is fundamentally the process of ascription of meaning to the parts of the world which are relevant in the achievement of results of behavior. Although emotions may be studied as reorganizational processes in the organism-environment system with the help of physiological recordings and behavioral observations, it is argued — in contrast to the mainstream cognitive science — that emotions cannot be localized in the brain, although the brain is important in their generation as a part of the organism-environment system. It is suggested that the parts of the brain most closely related to emotional expression contain neurons subserving functional systems which are formed in early development, and which are therefore most intimately related to reorganizational processes in the organism-environment system
Järvilehto, Timo (2001). Some background and further theoretical consequences of the organism-environment approach: A reply to the commentary by Panksepp. Consciousness and Emotion 2 (2):311-319.   (Google | Edit)
Katz, J. M. (1983). Altered states of consciousness and emotion. Imagination, Cognition and Personality 2:37-50.   (Cited by 2 | Google | Edit)
Keltner, Dacher & Beer, Jennifer S. (2005). Self-conscious emotion and self-regulation. In Abraham Tesser, Joanne V. Wood & Diederik A. Stapel (eds.), On Building, Defending and Regulating the Self: A Psychological Perspective. Psychology Press.   (Cited by 1 | Google | Edit)
Kihlstrom, John F.; Mulvaney, Shelagh; Tobias, Betsy A. & Tobis, Irene P. (2000). The emotional unconscious. In Eric Eich, John F. Kihlstrom, Gordon H. Bower, Joseph P. Forgas & Paula M. Niedenthal (eds.), Cognition and Emotion. Oxford University Press.   (Cited by 34 | Google | Edit)
Killgore, William D. S. & Yurgelun-Todd, Deborah A. (2007). Unconscious processing of facial affect in children and adolescents. Social Neuroscience 2 (1):28-47.   (Google | Edit)
Kimura, Yoshie; Yoshino, Aihide; Takahashi, Yoshitomo & Nomura, Soichiro (2004). Interhemispheric difference in emotional response without awareness. Physiology and Behavior 82 (4):727-731.   (Cited by 4 | Google | Edit)
Kunst-Wilson, W. R. & Zajonc, R. B. (1980). Affective discrimination of stimuli that cannot be recognized. Science 207:557-58.   (Cited by 331 | Google | More links | Edit)