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Science of consciousness :: Disorders and syndromes of consciousness :: Vegetative states and coma

• Joseph Fins & F. Plum (2004). Neurological diagnosis is more than a state of mind: Diagnostic clarity and impaired consciousness.   (More)
  Additional links for this entry:
  http://archneur.ama-assn.org/cgi/reprint/61/9/1354
  http://archneur.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/61/9/1354
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&uid=15364678&cmd=showdetailview&indexed=google
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15364678&dopt=Citation
  
• Daniel Greenberg (2007). Comment on "detecting awareness in the vegetative state".   (More)
  Additional links for this entry:
  http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/sci;315/5816/1221b
  http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007Sci...315.1221G
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=17332395&dopt=Citation
  
• Steven Laureys, Adrian Owen & Nicholas Schiff (2004). Brain function in coma, vegetative state, and related disorders.   (More)
  Additional links for this entry:
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15324722&dopt=Citation
  http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S147444220400852X
  
• Steven Laureys (2005). The neural correlate of (un)awareness: Lessons from the vegetative state.   (More)
  Additional links for this entry:
  http://espra.neuf.fr/SL_TICS05.pdf
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&uid=16271507&cmd=showdetailview&indexed=google
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=16271507&dopt=Citation
  http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1364661305002998
  
• Adrian Owen, Martin Coleman, Melanie Boly, Matthew Davis, Steven Laureys, Dietsje Jolles & John Pickard (2007). Response to comments on "detecting awareness in the vegetative state".   (More)
  Additional links for this entry:
  http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007Sci...315.1221O
  http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/sci;315/5816/1221c
  
• P. Schotsmans (1993). The patient in a persistent vegetative state: An ethical re-appraisal.   (More)
  Additional links for this entry:
  http://poj.peeters-leuven.be/content.php?url=article.php&id=2015305&journal_code=BIJ
  
• J. R. Smythies (1999). The biochemical basis of coma.   (Abstract & more)
  Abstract: Current research on the neural basis of consciousness is based mainly on neuroimaging, physiology and psychophysics. This target article reviews what is known about biochemical factors that may contribute to the development of consciousness, based on loss of consciousness (i.e., coma). There are two theories of the biochemical mode of action of general anaesthetics. One is that anaesthesia is a direct (i.e., not receptor-mediated) effect of the anaesthetic on cellular neurophysiological function; the other is that some alteration of receptor function occurs. General anaesthetics are mainly GABA agonists but some (such as ketamine) are glutamate antagonists. They also affect other systems, particularly cholinergic ones. There are various comas of metabolic origin. For example, a combination of small doses of the iron chelators desferrioxamine and prochlorperazine induce a profound and long lasting coma in humans. The mechanisms that might mediate this include redox mechanisms at the glutamate synapse, post-synaptic endocytosis of dopamine and iron, and intracellular iron-dopamine complexes, which are powerful dismuters of the superoxide anion. New findings in cell biology relating to endocytosis and recycling of receptors are discussed in a wider context. These biochemical events may induce coma by two mechanisms: (i) Consciousness may depend on widespread cortical (or cortico-thalamic) activation. (ii) Whereas these biochemical changes are widespread, only the changes in a subset of consciousness' neurons may count. An experimental program to distinguish between these two alternatives is proposed
  Additional links for this entry:
  http://psycprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/archive/00000661/01/psyc.99.10.026.coma-biochemistry.1.smythies.xml
  http://psycprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/archive/00000661/
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/cgi/psyc/newpsy?10.026
  
• Graham Teasdale, R. Knill-Jones & J. van der Sande (1978). Observer variability in assessing impaired consciousness and coma.   (More)
  Additional links for this entry:
  http://jnnp.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/abstract/41/7/603
  http://jnnp.bmj.com/cgi/content/abstract/41/7/603
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=690637&dopt=Citation
  

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